Glamour Aerobics

Aerobic exercise is one of the best exercise to do as it is a safe and a complete workout as well as a fun sport to do. Doing aerobics regularly can improve one’s heart rate, body condition and state of mind. Aerobics helps relax the tense muscles and a regular aerobics activity can make you feel happier.

The term “aerobics” literally means with oxygen. It implies that the body is using oxygen supplied for low and moderate intensity physical activities that are constant such as biking, jogging, etc. The body’s aerobic system works like an old water pump which need to be started a number of times before we get the desired result. Similarly, aerobic exercise plays the same role in the human body by pumping out deeply accumulated fat from inside the body.

Aerobics is an excellent way for a person to achieve physical fitness. A person performing aerobics has increased heart rate and increased metabolism rate. Increased metabolism rate speeds up sweating and eventually accelerates the fat burning process thereby resulting in the weight loss.

Carrying out aerobics has become the most happening workout trend among the both the youth as well as the aged. In this fast paced work, aerobics is just the right actions. A few moments of continuous aerobic workout leads to various health benefits. Aerobics involves using large muscle groups for a repetitively for a sustained amount of time. One of the plus points of aerobics is that it can be enjoyed even with the extended period of time. The most common types of aerobics include aerobic dance, bicycling, fitness walking and running, stair climbing and swimming. Dancing and continuous sports activity like running can improve circulation and overall cardiovascular health.

The benefits of aerobics include:

• It strengthens the body including the weight bearing bones and the cardiovascular muscles.

• It helps in losing the body weight and in toning up the body muscles.

• It is very easy and widely enjoyed form of physical exercise and can be enjoyed by people of all age groups. However, it is not recommended for very small children pregnant women. And elder people should perform it for a short duration.

• It increases blood circulation and lowers blood glucose and blood sugar levels.

• It increases oxygen supply to heart, lungs and blood vessels and thereby, results in the smooth functioning of the body.

• Aerobic workout is a great stress buster and acts as an effective remedy for depression, anxiety and tension. It helps to a great extent in the rejuvenation of the mind.

• It also boosts up the body immune system.

However, following precautions should be followed before and after the aerobics for getting the maximum benefits:

• Warm-up exercises should be performed at least 10-15 minutes before commencing the aerobics.

• Always wear perfect fitting clothes while doing aerobics. This is because loose clothes may restrict the free movements of the arms and legs.

• Bring in the necessary variations in the steps and make them personalized according to your body needs and requirements.

• Always cool down after performing the exercise. Stretching exercise should be done for 10 minutes after performing the workouts.

• Drink water (though not ice cold) few minutes after the workouts.

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Dental Dentures

What are Dentures?

Dentures are the artificial prosthesis which is the substitute of missing teeth. Dentures take support of surrounding soft tissues and teeth to stabilize in oral cavity.

How many types of dentures are there?

There are two types of dentures:

• Partial dentures

• Complete dentures

What are partial Dentures?

When some teeth are present and few are missing then Partial denture is fabricated.

How many types of partial dentures are present?

Partial dentures are of two types:

• Removable partial denture(RPD)

• Fixed Partial Denture(FPD)

What are the advantages of Removable partial denture?

1. Removable partial denture can be easily removed by patient and can easily be cleaned.

2. It is less expensive

3. Removable partial dentures are fully tooth supported and helps in normal chewing.

What are the disadvantages of Removable partial denture?

1. Since removable partial denture are fully tooth supported, sometimes cause injury to tooth supported gums.

2. If patient does not maintain proper oral hygiene, RPD can be harmful for other remaining natural teeth.

3. Due to removing RPD again and again it sometimes becomes loose.

What are the advantages of fixed partial denture?

1. These dentures are attached to natural teeth, roots or implants and cannot be removed by patient.

2. FPD has high retention as compared to removable partial denture.

3. Patient feels FPD like his natural teeth. Hence less compliance factor.

What are the disadvantages of FPD?

1. It is expensive procedure.

2. More time consuming and regular checkups are advisable.

3. If patient’s supportive teeth are not strong enough to bear forces offered by FPD, then it has poor prognosis.

4. If RCT of supportive teeth fails and patient come back with pain in supporting tooth then whole FPD has to be removed and placed again.

5. If FPD is not fixed properly or some space is left while fitting then food lodgment continues and results in bad smell from mouth.

What are the steps to be taken care of after placing partial denture in mouth?

• Patient should maintain proper oral hygiene.

• Regular flossing is advisable.

• Patient should not bite hard from artificial teeth.

• Regular follow up checkups are recommended.

• Always put RPD in water after removing from mouth.

• Do not wash RPD with bleaching agent or detergent. Special cleansing agents are available to wash RPD.

What is complete denture?

When all the teeth are missing (edentulous) then complete denture is fabricated. Below are images of maxillary complete denture and mandibular complete denture. They vary in shape according to the shape of oral cavity.

How many teeth are present in complete denture?

Normally 28 teeth are present in Complete Denture, but sometimes we have to miss second premolar in case of small jaw size.

How much time is required to fabricate complete denture?

At least 1 week time is optimum for complete denture

Why dentist ask to carry old photo while adjusting teeth in Denture?

After having a look of old photograph Dentist gets an idea of the shape and setting of teeth. To minimize the patient compliance and to have a natural look old photograph is mandatory.

Can patient start immediately eating with complete denture?

First patient should start with liquids and then with soft food and then finally with normal daily routine food items. Surrounding soft tissues and tongue takes time to adjust with new thing in mouth. May be for few days patient find some speech problem as well. Once you oral cavity get use to denture then everything gets fine.

Can patient brush complete denture?

Yes, patient should daily brush the teeth of denture in a same way like his natural teeth. After every meal cleaning is mandatory. Special cleaning tablets are available which are used to remove satins from the denture.

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Glamour Manicure

A manicure is to improve the health of fingernails and hands. The nails are shaped and filed followed with nail polish application. Other manicure types involve specific treatments to soften hands and aid in nail growth.

Health and Nail

Nails commonly tell once health. Strong nails represent a healthy body and dented, discolored nails represent ill health. Nails are made from keratin and aid to protect the fingertips and toes.

Steps involved in manicure:

• Nails are shaped well and cuticles are removed and then soaked in warm water.

• Dry the hands and then push the cuticle gently with an orange stick.

• Nails are buffed and then a good lotion is applied to the entire hand and massaged well.

• A thick coat of transparent polish is applied followed by a bright color nail polish.

TYPES OF MANICURE

French manicure: Apply white paint on nail tips and then allowed to dry. Then to the entire nail apply translucent shell pink polish. This will suit for day and evening.

Paraffin Wax Manicure: Here the hands are dipped into a warm liquid paraffin wax till a coat is formed. Then wrap the hands in plastic film. This is covered using a towel to keep the warmth for 15 mins. Then manicure is done in the usual way. This helps to moisturize skin and help to take away tiredness and the pain off.

Hot Oil Manicure: In this type, the cuticles are first cleaned and then it is softened using oil. This is usually applicable for person having dry hands.

Tips to healthy nails:

• For every week the nails grow to 0.05 – 1.2mm. Manicure can help to keep nails healthy.

• For strong and healthy nails, consume diet rich in protein.

• Manicure helps to keep the nails clean and dry.

• Use minimum nail polish remover since they can dry the cuticles sooner.

• With manicure done regularly you will have healthy and strong nails.

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Glamour Etiquettes & Manners

“Etiquette tells one which fork to use. Manners tell one what to do when your neighbor doesn’t.”

Etiquettes and manners are both critical to the normal functioning in the society. While both involve specific norms of behaviour, they are slightly different from each other. Both etiquettes and manner vary from culture to culture as the foundations for conduct are deeply rooted on cultural tradition and heritage.

Manners involve general behavioral guidelines speaking to elders with respect and courtesy whereas etiquettes are specific codes of behaviour pertaining to a particular situation.

People are typically taught manners at a very young age so that as they grow up, they are used to the basic rules in conduct in an in social situations. Manners often become second lesson when they are taught at a young age.

For learning etiquettes people must take specific lessons. For example, rather than learning general rules about how to behave at a dinner(i.e., manner) someone would learn specifically about which silverware to use and when, how to politely dispose of undesirable food items (i.e., etiquettes). Learning etiquettes involves training on how to deal with introductions and how to behave in numerous environments, from funeral to shooting parties. Formal training in etiquettes can be obtained through finishing schools.

One of the main differences between etiquettes and manner is that the former includes specific rules of conduct while the later is more generalized. Both rely on basic underlying principles including treating people with respect, being sensitive to social situations.

However, one cannot learn etiquettes without being schooled in good manners initially. Good manners lay the foundation stone for the rules of etiquettes.

Knowledge of etiquette and manners is never wasted. Someone with an awareness of manners and formal etiquette will be remembered, and this may come to his or her advantage in the future.

The meaning of etiquettes and manners has been well-summarized in the following lines:

“If wisdom’s ways you wisely seek,

Five things observe with care:-

Of whom you speak – to whom you speak,

And how – and when – and where.”

(From Little House on the Prairie)

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Fitness and Exercises Weight Management

Weight management is balancing energy intake and energy expenditure. In other words maintaining your body weight healthy. To maintain a healthy body weight proper nutrition and physical activity is necessary. Weight management is important throughout the life. Many athletes alter normal energy intake to either gain or lose weight. The goal weight of athletes should be based on body fatness. Weight loss should be achieved before the competitive season begins to ensure maximum strength. Weight gain should be achieved through a gradual increase in energy intake combined with a strength training programme to maximize muscle weight gain over fat weight gain. Fat intake should not exceed 30% of kilocalories from fat.

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Dental Plaque and Gingivitis

What is plaque?

Plaque is a sticky white colored layer which forms on the tooth surface. This layer is rich in bacteria which gets stick on teeth and slowly starts eroding the upper layer of teeth (Enamel).

When it get form on our teeth?

When you eat any sweets or drink any soft drinks with sugar, the bacteria release acids that attack your tooth enamel. Plaque formation starts after every food intake.

Should we brush after every meal?

Yes, brushing is advisable after every meal to get rid of plaque.

Does Plaque gives rise to caries?

Yes, continuous attack of bacteria makes the tooth surface look yellow and slowly it turns to black which is an initiation of caries. Some caries are superficial which does not progress if proper brushing is done.

Is brushing the only solution to remove plaque?

Apart from brushing following are the other methods:

• Regular flossing

• Mouthwash rinses

Does plaque formation also lead to bad breath?

Yes, plaque formation leads to bad breath.

What are the consequences of plaque formation?

What is gingivitis?

Inflammation of gum tissue is known as Gingivitis.

What are the causes of Gingivitis?

Major causes of gingivitis are:

• Plaque deposition on teeth: It is one of the major causes of gum bleeding and inflammation, if proper brushing and flossing is done then plaque does not proceed to Gingivitis.

• Pregnancy: In pregnancy most common condition is gingivitis also known as pregnancy gingivitis. Due to hormonal changes and frequent vomiting, nausea gums swell and becomes red. Dental checkup during pregnancy is advisable, though treatment can be delayed till child birth.

• Diabetes: In diabetic patients Gum bleeding is very common as their immune system becomes weak and not capable to fight against bacteria causing disease.

How can you prevent Gingivitis?

Steps to prevent Gingivitis are:

• Regular flossing

• Brushing twice a day

• Mouthwash rinses twice a day

• Regular dental checkups and cleaning of teethe.

What is the treatment of Gingivitis?

Gingivitis can be treated by

• Deep Scaling beneath the gums is done to clean underlying calculus and plaque.

• Curettage: Curettage is the process in which soft tissue lining is removed to eliminate diseased tissue as shown in the video.

WHAT IS CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE? Child care 1098

When we bring our children into this world, we make every special effort to make it safe and secure for them. However, today’s grim reality is that India has the world’s largest number of sexually abused children. Sample this :

• One in every 10 children is sexually abused at any point of time
• A child below 16 years is raped every 155^th minute
• A child below 10 years is raped every 13^th hours

Most of these cases go unreported because victims are too scared to speak out or aren’t aware of what to do in such a scenario.

It is commonly believed that Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) happen only with girls. However, out of every ten children abused, seven are girls and three are boys, according to a nationwide study by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India. Experts on the subject have also found that abusers are not strangers but ‘trusted’ people the child knows such as family members, neighbours , visiting relatives and people who have unquestioned access to the child. Abusers can be both men or women or even other children. As parents, we normally assume that our children can never be victims of CSA, but the fact is : every childs need to be protected. One reason why 53% of children in India have been sexually abused is because children and parents are unaware of what constitutes sexual abuse. How to protect oneself from abuse, and what to do in the case of abuse.

WHAT IS CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE ?

Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is the use of a child by a person in a position of power for their own sexual gratification. It can be physical, verbal or visual in nature. For Children this is referred to as a ‘Touching Problem’.

• Physical : Sexual intercourse (oral, anal or vaginal), fondling of genitalia (directly or on top of clothing), sexual kissing, making the child fondle the abuser’s genitalia, making children sexually interact with each othr, or attempted intercourse.
• Verbal : Imparting age inappropriate knowledge about sexual activities, talking about conducting sexual acts with the child, using obscene language, or telling vulgar jokes.
• Visual : Showing the child ault images or blue films, exhibiting genitalia to children, watching children while they change clothes or bathe, taking pornographic pictures of children , conducting sexual acts in the presence of children.

CSA can have many devastating effects on children . Their traumatic experiences give them a distorted sense of values and a negative outlook towards people and life in general. They may have low self-esteem, feel inadequate and mistrust others. These children are also highly vulnerable to substance abuse, physical violence, STDs, HIV/AIDS and unwanted pregnancies.

WHAT YOU CAN DO AS A PARENT

· Be informed : Always know where your children are going, who they are with, what they doing and when they will be back. Ask them about what they do when alone with other adults or friends in a non-threatening manner.

· Be Supportive : Encourage your children to talk to you. Belive your children when they tell you about a child sexual abuse incident. Let them know that they do not need to keep secrets about touching. Let them know that you will not be angry or upset with them for telling.

· Be Aware : Recognise warning signs of abuse such as changes in your child’s behavior and fear of a particular person or place. Children express sexual abuse incidents through various mediums such as drawing, playing and writing.

· Be Alert : Child Sexual Predators often use grooming techniques such as paying special attention to a child, approaching you about your child under false pretences (offering to pick up children from school, or to baby-sit, or to tutor your child) and scouting areas frequented by children like gardens, playgrounds or schools.

· Inform your Children : Talk to your children about safe touch and unsafe touch. Teach them the correct vocabulary about private body parts-like penis and vargina. Remember this is for their safety – you will not be encouraging sexual behavior.

WHATYOU SHOULD NOT DO AS A PARENT

• Do not get angry or upset if you child tells you about a ‘touching problem’
• Do not have the child confront the abuser or confront the abuser in front of the child
• Do not make the child repeat the incident for family members or otherwise. Respect the child Privacy.
• Do not ignore the problem or take it lightly; it will not go away.
• Do not blame your child. Removing the child from the home/ school is not a solution. Though initially you have to remove the child from the abusive environment, you also have to solve the problem.

IF YOUR CHILD DISCLOSES A TOUCHING PROBLEM :

· Medical attention may be needed. Consult your family doctor or any public medical facility. Medical facilities are bound by confidentiality.

· Contact t the authorities in the school or the police to report the incident.

· Call CHILDLINE on 1908 if you need any assistance.

CHILDLINE is India’s first 24- hour, free, emergency phone service for children in need of care and protection. You can dial 1098 the toll-free number to access services from any mobile or landline phone. They have received over 18 million calls to date. They not only respond to the emergency need of children but also link the to service for their long-term care and rehabilitation. We have reached out to over four million children across the nation through such calls.

The child Sexual Abuse Awareness Program for Schools

In an attempt to create awareness and help children protect themselves, CHILDLINE India Foundation (CIF) has initiated a CSA Awareness Program. This program is aimed at helping prevent child sexual abuse and encouraging children to report incidents to a trusted adult. The program is carried out by trainers are mostly parents and teachers of Parent Teacher Association (PTAs) from schools across Mumbai, though there are also trained volunteers. We have partnered schools on the initiative so that your child is in a protected environment at all times.

Through story telling and Q&A sessions, children learn about safe touch, unsafe touch and what to do in case of a touching problem. The program is NOT about sex education or a discussion on sexual relationship. Children will be guided on how to react if anything uncomfortable or unsafe happens to them.